Umar and Uthman
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The teaching part (1 min) is free to watch. A free account opens the whole lecture: 3 practice questions, 2 real past-paper questions with the answers explained, the mistakes that lose marks, the full-marks tip, a one-card summary and a quick quiz.
What this lecture covers
- Two caliphs, one empire
- Umar's administration
Read the transcript of the teaching part
Last time
Before we start: last time, in Ali, you learned these points. Here they are again on one card. Keep them in mind, because today builds on them.
Two caliphs, one empire
Under Umar and Uthman, the Muslim state grew from a young community into a great empire. Umar built the machinery to run it. Uthman, who followed him, kept it going for twelve years and then faced a rebellion. Examiners ask for administration, conquests and martyrdom, in that order. Learn the structures and the dates.
Umar's administration
Umar established a diwan, in charge of the revenue of the centre and the provinces. He consulted the Majlis e Shura and the Majlis e Aam, so the government was truly democratic. The empire was divided into provinces under a governor called a wali, chosen after consultation. Provinces were subdivided under amils, for better administration. The judiciary was separated from the executive, and a qadi, a judge, headed the judiciary. Departments of police and education were set up, and jails were made. Attention went to town planning and new towns, highways, irrigation canals and cantonments. The Islamic hijri calendar was also devised.
How often it comes up
How often Cambridge has asked each part, counted by ExamYard from every past paper in its question bank: ĘżUmar · ĘżUthman.
The whole chapter: The Rightly Guided Caliphs, The Rightly Guided Caliphs.
Chapter 3: The rightly guided caliphs
- Abu Bakr and the four caliphs together 7 min
- Umar and Uthman 7 min
- Ali: opposition, the Camel, Siffin and Nahrawan 6 min
Also for IGCSE Islamiyat 0493
Which topics come up most in IGCSE Islamiyat 0493 past papers, counted from every paper since 2004.