Brotherhood, dealings with the Quraysh and letters to rulers

Last time

Before we start: last time, in Hudaybiyya and the later campaigns, you learned these points. Here they are again on one card. Keep them in mind, because today builds on them.

A community, a conflict and a message to the world

Once in Madina, three things shaped the Prophet's years there. He built a bond between the migrants and their hosts. He dealt with the Quraysh, who would not leave the Muslims alone. And after the peace of Hudaybiyya he wrote to the rulers around him. Each topic has dates and numbers that the mark scheme rewards.

The brotherhood

The residents of Makka who left all their belongings behind are the Emigrants, the Muhajirun. Their hosts in Madina, then called Yathrib, mainly from the Aws and Khazraj, are the Helpers, the Ansar. The Ansar had accepted Islam after the Pledges of Aqaba and had invited the Prophet. They welcomed the migrants open heartedly, with accommodation and food. The Prophet gathered both groups, and called out the name of one Ansari and one Muhajir at a time, making them brothers, to help each other materially and spiritually. He took Ali as his brother.

Named pairs and what they did

Sa'd ibn ar-Rabi and Abdur Rahman ibn Awf were made brothers. Sa'd offered half his property. Abdur Rahman refused, saying, 'direct me to the nearest market place so that I may make my fortune with my own hands.' Other pairings included Ja'far ibn Abi Talib and Mu'adh ibn Jabal, Bilal ibn Rabah and Abu Rawahah, and Talha ibn Ubaydullah and Ka'b ibn Malik. The Ansar offered to share their date palms. The Muhajirun refused, so they worked in the orchards and were given dates. Protection and help came from Madina, and faith came from Makka.