Fasting, pilgrimage and jihad
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The teaching part (1 min) is free to watch. A free account opens the whole lecture: 4 practice questions, 2 real past-paper questions with the answers explained, the mistakes that lose marks, the full-marks tip, a one-card summary and a quick quiz.
What this lecture covers
- Three acts of striving
- How the Ramadan fast is observed
Read the transcript of the teaching part
Last time
Before we start: last time, in The articles of faith, you learned these points. Here they are again on one card. Keep them in mind, because today builds on them.
Three acts of striving
Fasting, hajj and jihad all ask a Muslim to strive for the sake of God. The fast trains the self for a month. Hajj takes a believer through rites that go back to Ibrahim. And jihad, in the mark scheme, is first of all an inner struggle. Each topic asks for exact rules and clear reasons.
How the Ramadan fast is observed
Fasting starts with the sighting of the moon of Ramadan. An intention is made for the fast. As the Sunna of the Prophet, sahur, the meal before dawn, is taken, and the fast ends with the adhan of Maghrib. During the fast, a Muslim should not eat or drink, should avoid anything forbidden or disliked, must not engage in violence or anger, and must abstain from marital relations. They should spend as much time as possible reading the Qur'an, praying, making supplication and remembering God. They give zakat and charity, reflect on improving their conduct, can share iftar with others, and can offer additional prayers.
Chapter 5: The five pillars
- The Shahada, prayer, du’a and purification 6 min
- Friday prayer, zakat and the two Eids 6 min
- Fasting, pilgrimage and jihad 6 min
Also for IGCSE Islamiyat 0493
Which topics come up most in IGCSE Islamiyat 0493 past papers, counted from every paper since 2004.